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各種がんにおけるp73遺伝子の異常の解析：韓双印^1,2,中川原章³,二村好憲³,阿部忠義^1,2,牧野直彦¹,椎葉健一²,松野正紀²,堀井明¹（東北大・医・¹分子病理,²一外,³千葉がんセ・研・生化）

Analysis of the p73 gene alterations in human cancers:Shuangyin HAN^1,2,Akira NAKAGAWARA³,Yoshinori NIMURA³,Tadayoshi ABE^1,2,Naohiko MAKINO¹,Kenichi SHIIBA²,Seiki MATSUNO²,Akira HORII¹(Depts.¹Mol. Pathol.,²Surg.I,Tohoku Univ.Sch.Med.,³Div.Biochem.,Chiba Cancer Center Res.Inst.)

Loss of heterozygosity on 1p36 has been frequently observed in a variety of human cancers: one or more of the tumor suppressor genes are thought to localize in this region. The p73 gene, a candidate tumor suppressor gene identified recently on 1p36.33, had a high homology with the tumor suppresser p53. To determine the role of p73 in human carcinogenesis, we analyzed genetic alterations in the entire coding region of this gene in 187 cases of various kinds of cancers (47 breast, 43 colorectal, 31 gastric, 23 lung, 20 panctreatic cancers, and 23 neuroblastomas). Using PCR-SSCP analysis followed by direct sequencing, a somatic missense mutation (Arg to Gln) at codon 269 in exon 7 was found in one breast cancer case: no other mutations were observed. We also analyzed expression of the gene by RT-PCR using pancreatic cancer cell lines and found the monoallelic expression of the gene. Our results suggested that the mutation of the p73 gene may play a role in the genesis of some human cancers.