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超低出生体重児と肝芽腫：ケースコントロール・スタディによる検討：池田　均¹,丸山憲一²,小泉武宣²,谷村雅子³,土田嘉昭¹（¹群馬小児セ・外,²同・新生児,³小児医療セ・小児生態）

Children of extreme prematurity at birth and a risk of hepatoblastoma: Results of a case-control study: Hitoshi IKEDA¹, Kenichi MARUYAMA², Takenobu KOIZUMI², Masako TANIMURA³, Yoshiaki TSUCHIDA¹ (Depts. of ¹Surg. and ²Neonatol., Gunma Children's Med. Ctr., ³Dept. of Child Ecology, Natl. Children's Med. Res. Ctr.)

The incidence of hepatoblastoma in children of very low birth weight (<1500 gm) is increasing in Japan. To identify factors associated with the development of hepatoblastoma, we conducted a case-control study and compared both the parents' and the patient's histories of 12 hepatoblastoma children of extremely low birth weight (<1,000 gm) with those of 75 birth-weight-matched controls. The gestational age of the patients tended to be lower than that of the controls and the gain in body weight was slower in patients than in controls. During the neonatal intensive care, oxygen was given for a significantly longer period to patients (4-508 days; median 114 days) than to controls (0-366 days; median, 62 days) (p=0.0216). The length of furosemide treatment was also significantly longer for patients (6-460 days; median, 89 days) than for controls (0-241 days; median, 44 days) (p=0.0273). Although the exact etiology is not yet known, these results suggest that children who were extremely premature at birth and were intensively treated with oxygen and diuretics may be at high risk of hepatoblastoma.